مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال بیست و یکم شماره 8 (پیاپی 163، آبان 1401)

Mastectomized women have problems in the field of sexual satisfaction, married life quality, and life expectancy. Cognitive rehabilitation education can play an effective role in improving psychological characteristics related to health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of cognitive rehabilitation education on sexual satisfaction, marital life quality and life expectancy in the mastectomized women.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was the married mastectomized women in Shafa Hospital of Ahvaz city in 2021, out of which 30 people were selected according to the inclusion criteria and by purposive sampling method and randomly placed into two equal groups. The experimental group was trained 10 sessions of 60 minutes (two sessions per week) with cognitive rehabilitation method, and the control group was placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected by Meston and Trapnell’s Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women, Zhang and et al.’s Marital Life Quality Scale, and Snyder and et al.’s Life Expectancy Questionnaire, and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The findings showed that the cognitive rehabilitation education method in comparison with the control group led to a significant increase in the sexual satisfaction, marital life qualityand life expectancy in the mastectomized women (p<0.001).

The results indicated the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on increasing sexual satisfaction, marital life quality, and life expectancy. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can use the mentioned method along with other effective educating methods to improve health-related characteristics.

Personality traits are important factors in marriage and consequently marriage stability. Managing emotions has a unique role in this stability. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between personality traits and marriage stability in family counseling centers in Tehran in 2020.

The current research is descriptive. The statistical population was all the married people referred to the counseling centers of the 2nd and 5th regions of Tehran, and 345 men and women were selected by convenience sampling in 2020 to participate in the research. Data collection tools were Edwards et al.'s Marital Instability Questionnaire, Bradberry-Greaves’ Emotional Intelligence, and revised form of NEO-FF-I personality scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and path analysis were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was a positive and significant path coefficient between emotional intelligence and marriage stability (β=0.376, p<0.010). Also, among the personality traits, there was a negative and significant total path coefficient between neuroticism (β=0.397, p<0.010) and marital stability, and there was a positive and significant total path coefficient between agreeableness (β=0.211, p<0.010) and extroversion (β=0.244, p<0.010) and marital stability. It was found that the indirect path coefficient between neuroticism (β=-0.133, p<0.010) and marital stability was negative, and between agreeableness (β=0.062, p<0.010), extroversion (β=0.116, p<0.010), and conscientiousness (β=0.046, p<0.010) and marital stability was positive and significant.

Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between neuroticism and marriage stability in a negative way and the relationship between the three factors of extroversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness and marriage stability in a positive way. In line with the results, holding educational workshops to recognize the personality traits of married people and training emotional intelligence skills can lead to increasing family stability.

Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is an emerging disease that has a close relationship with high-risk behaviors and affected different age groups, gender, race, culture, and social and economic classes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of demographic variables in the relationship between high-risk behaviors and HIV/AIDS.

This descriptive study was conducted using the census method on 3838 people referred to behavioral disease counseling centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2020. The data collection tool was the national software for registering behavioral diseases consultation, including demographic variables and high-risk behaviors in two groups of HIV/AIDS identified as positive and negative. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

According to the final model, demographic variables explain 13.46% of disease cases, but high-risk behaviors explain 44.40% of disease cases. Therefore, the explanatory power of demographic variables in contracting the disease is lower than high-risk behaviors, so demographic variables do not play a mediating role. The relationship between demographic variables and high-risk behaviors and HIV/AIDS was statistically significant (p<0.001).

According to the findings, demographic variables do not play a mediating role, and considering the significant relationship between demographic variables and high-risk behaviors and AIDS, demographic variables play a confounding role. Therefore, continuous educational programs in the field of prevention and control of high-risk behaviors will be very helpful in reducing the incidence of AIDS. 

Curcumin and vitamin D have antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of curcumin and vitamin D on the physiological and histopathological changes of the testis in adult rats treated with methotrexate.

In this experimental study, 25 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 5. Control group, sham group: 1 ml of distilled water as a solvent, methotrexate (5 mg/kg), methotrexate (5 mg/kg) + curcumin (200 mg/kg) + vitamin D (500 IU/kg), and methotrexate (5 mg/kg) + curcumin (400 mg/kg) + vitamin D (1000 IU/kg). After 28 days of treatment with curcumin and vitamin D (gavage), blood was taken directly from the heart to measure serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. The testicles were removed and tissue changes were examined after hematoxylin-eosin staining. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.

Testosterone hormone level, number of spermatogonia, spermatocyte, sperm and Leydig showed a significant decrease in the experimental group 1 compared to the control and sham groups, but the serum level of LH and FSH hormones showed a significant increase (p<0.05). The level of testosterone hormone, the number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, sperm and Leydig in the experimental groups 4 and 3 showed a significant increase compared to the experimental group 1, but the serum level of LH and FSH hormones showed a significant decrease (p<0.05).

Probably, curcumin and vitamin D, due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, can improve the physiological and histopathological changes of the testis in the adult rats treated with methotrexate.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many diseases, including depression. On the other hand, previous studies have reported the antioxidant effect of Tanacetum balsamita. The aim of the present study is to investigate the antidepressant effect of Tanacetum balsamita essential oil (TBEO) in animal models of depression.

In this experimental study, 84 mice were randomly divided into 14 groups of 6 and intraperitoneally received vehicle (10 ml/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), imipramine (30 mg/kg), and TBEO (12.5, 50,100, and 200mg/kg). To evaluate the antidepressant effect, the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used. The animal locomotion was also assessed by open-field test (OFT). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Newman-Keuls post hoc test.

Doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg of essential oil in both FST and TST caused a significant reduction in the duration of immobility (p<0.001). In addition, doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg of TBEO significantly increased swimming time (p<0.001). But, climbing time was not significantly increased by all doses of the essential oil (p>0.05). Also, none of the essential oil doses caused a significant change in the number of crossing and rearing’s in the OFT (p>0.05).  

Tanacetum balsamita essential oil has an anti-depressant effect in mice. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to determine its mechanism of action.

The need for using English language has made it an opportunity to be taught in a professional and academic environment. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) includes teaching English for the people who need it for the objectives such as education in an academic environment or their profession. The aim of this study was to evaluate the curriculum of Medical English from the point of view of medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive study, 301 medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, in different educational levels in 2021, completed a 19-item questionnaire including four dimentions: specific purposes, content of the books, usage of modern technologies for specialized language, and method of assessment. The data was then analyzed using independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation test.

175 students (58.0%) were male and 127 (42.0%) were female. The mean age of students was 23.68±1.99 years. A reverse association was found between age and all aspects of the curriculum except the content. In terms of dimensions of special objectives, participants of different educational levels (physiopathology, internship, stagership) had significant differences in technology (p<0.001), assessment (p=0.001), and total score (p<0.001).

Students were satisfied with the number and credits of the ESPs courses, morning times of the courses, the appropriateness of classroom activities and homework, and multiple choice tests. However, they were dissatisfied with final test mark as the only assessment tool and lack of case based study in the books. Therefore, it seems that continuous evaluation and need assessment of the students are of paramount importance for having more beneficial courses.

Exposure to work-related pollutants can affect the prevalence and intensity of the Covid-19 disease. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and intensity of covid-19 infection between Steel Company employees and governmental office workers in Shadegan.

This descriptive study was conducted among Steel Company employees and governmental office workers in Shadeghan in 2021. Eighty participants were allocated to each group. A demographics questionnaire, medical documents of employees, and portable environmental gas analyzer were used for data collection. The independent sample t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test were used for data analysis.

There was found no significant relationship between the concentration of pollutants and the number of coronavirus infections in the Steel Company employees (p=0.173) and the governmental office workers (p=0.411). The intensity of covid-19 infection was significantly higher in the Steel Company employees who were exposed to more air pollutants (p=0.039).

Exposure to higher air pollutants is associated with more intense covid-19 infection.